About / Leon H

Leon H writes MuscleLedger's compound and recovery coverage. Every claim on his pages traces to a trial, a review or a label — named, dated and linked, so a reader can open the same paper he read.

Where the evidence is thin, that is the finding. He reports what has been studied, in whom, at what dose and for how long, and says plainly when the honest answer is that nobody has looked.

He does not write instructions. Describing what a protocol was in a study is not the same as telling a reader to follow it, and his pages stay on the first side of that line.

Written by Leon H

• Creatine Kinase: What a High CK Means After Training, and Why It Is Not Creatine

  2026-10-20

• Creatine on a Plane: What TSA's Powder Rule Says, and How Many Creatine Tubs Are Over It

  2026-10-20

• Creatine Transporter Deficiency: The Condition Where Taking Creatine Does Not Get It Into the Brain

  2026-10-20

• Does Creatine Have Calories? What 384 Labels Declare, and Why Two Brands Count It as Food

  2026-10-20

• Does Creatine Make You Look Bigger? Three Scans After a Week Disagree, and No Study Has Measured a Glute

  2026-10-20

• Best Time to Take Collagen: Every Timing in the Trials, and the Comparison Nobody Has Run

  2026-10-17

• Creatine Face: No Study Has Measured a Face, and What the Body-Water Trials Did Measure

  2026-10-17

• Creatine vs Pre-Workout: What 145 Pre-Workout Labels Put in a Scoop, and What the Trials Tested

  2026-10-17

• Is Creatine FDA Approved? What the Law Says, What FDA Reviewed in 2020, and What the Labels Claim

  2026-10-17

• Liquid Creatine: The Lab Assay That Found Under 10 mg in a 2.5 g Dose, and What Liquid Labels List Today

  2026-10-17

• Collagen and Weight Loss: Six Human Trials, Two Satiety Studies and the Calories in a Scoop

  2026-10-15

• Collagen in Coffee: What Heat Can and Cannot Do to Collagen Peptides

  2026-10-15

• Creatine and Blood Pressure: Every Trial That Measured It, and the One Group Never Tested

  2026-10-15

• Creatine and Dehydration: Peeing, Thirst, Sweat and Cramps, Against the Trials

  2026-10-15

• Flavored vs Unflavored Creatine: What 201 US Labels Add to the Scoop

  2026-10-15

• Collagen for Joints: The Trials in Active People and in Osteoarthritis, Who Funded Them, and What Labels Carry

  2026-10-14

• Creatine in Coffee: What Heat Does to It, How Much Dissolves, and the Caffeine Trials

  2026-10-14

• How Is Creatine Made? The Factory Route, the Body's Own Synthesis, and What "Natural" and "Organic" Mean on a Tub

  2026-10-14

• Types of Collagen: I, II, III, V and X on a Label, What Each Means, and What 134 Multi-Collagen Labels Disclose

  2026-10-14

• Vegan Collagen: What 48 "Collagen" Labels Without Animal Collagen Contain, and the Lab-Made Collagen FDA Reviewed

  2026-10-14

• Collagen Pills vs Powder: The Capsule Count Behind a Trial-Sized Serving

  2026-10-11

• Creatine for Recovery: Three Meta-Analyses Read the Same Trials Three Ways

  2026-10-11

• Grass-Fed Collagen: What the Claim Means on a Supplement Label, and Who Checks It

  2026-10-11

• How to Take Creatine: What 107 Label Directions Say, Next to What the Trials Did

  2026-10-11

• Liquid Collagen: What 51 Shot and Bottle Labels Hold, and the Joint Trial That Used a Liquid

  2026-10-11

• Bone Broth Collagen: How Much a Cup Actually Delivers, Measured Against the Collagen Trials

  2026-10-06

• Does Creatine Cause Acne? No Trial Has Looked, and the Supplement Next to It Has the Record

  2026-10-06

• Does Creatine Give You Energy? Three Meanings of the Word, and Only One Has Strong Data

  2026-10-06

• Does Creatine Cause Constipation? The Trials Count Stomach Trouble, Not Blockage

  2026-10-06

• Foods High in Collagen: What Has Been Measured, and How Much Food Matches a Trial Dose

  2026-10-06

• Transparent Labs Creatine: The Only Creatine in the Store Is a Blend, and One Scoop Holds Half the HMB the Trials Used

  2026-10-05

• Creatine for Older Adults: Small Gains With Resistance Training, None Without It, and Two Two-Year Bone Trials That Found No Density Change

  2026-10-05

• Creatine and Headaches: More Studies Mention Them, Fewer People Report Them, and No Trial Has Asked Directly

  2026-10-06

• Does Creatine Show Up on a Drug Test? It Is on No Panel, but Every Urine Test Measures Creatinine

  2026-10-05

• NSF-Certified Creatine: Two Different NSF Programmes, 184 Creatine Listings, and Why the Lot Number Is the Part That Counts

  2026-10-05

• Bloom Creatine: Two Labels Read From the Brand's Own Images, a "Third Party Tested" Line That Names No One, and a Women's-Stores Figure Traced to Its Source

  2026-10-04

• Costco Creatine: Six Products on costco.com, No Kirkland Version, and a 15-Fold Spread in What a Gram of Creatine Costs

  2026-10-04

• Naked Creatine: One Ingredient, an NSF Listing That Is Not the Sport One, and a Loading Direction Half Again the Trial Amount

  2026-10-04

• Collagen for Men: Thirteen Male-Only Trials, Five Head-to-Heads With Milk Protein, and Five Industry Ties in the Record

  2026-10-04

• Creatine and Diarrhoea: One Trial Split the Dose, and the Single 10 g Serving Was the Problem

  2026-10-06

• Collagen Peptides Benefits, Endpoint by Endpoint: What Was Measured, Against What, and by Whom

  2026-10-03

• AICAR in Sport: An 'Exercise Pill' the Body Already Makes, a 3,080-Patient Trial That Failed, and a Test That Reads Carbon Atoms

  2026-10-03

• AOD-9604 in Sport: Named Under WADA S2, Six Sponsor Trials That Never Used a Syringe, and a Test Built for It

  2026-10-03

• MGF (Mechano Growth Factor) in Sport: Named Under WADA S2.3, Never Tested in a Human, and Two Drug Companies Could Not Reproduce It

  2026-10-03

• Creatine for Muscle Growth: Tracer Studies Found No Direct Effect on Protein Building, So Where Does the Muscle Come From?

  2026-10-03

• Orgain Creatine: A 2025 Label That Says Four Scoops a Day, a Store That Says One, and a Certification Claim This Page Could Not Check

  2026-10-02

• Collagen Side Effects: What the Trials Recorded, the Kidney-Stone Mechanism, and an FDA Signal That Turns Out to Be Shampoo

  2026-10-02

• 5-Amino-1MQ and Muscle: Two Mouse Studies, One Injured Leg Each, and No Person Yet

  2026-10-02

• BPC-157 in Sport: Named on WADA's List, Three USADA Cases, and a Urine Test Built From Confiscated Vials

  2026-10-15

• What to Mix Creatine With: Water Temperature, Acidity and the Two Trials Behind the Protein-Shake Advice

  2026-10-02

• Momentous Creatine: It Dropped Creapure, Kept NSF, and Now Tests to a Specification It Does Not Publish

  2026-09-30

• SLU-PP-332: The "Exercise Pill" Has Only Ever Been Tested in Mice and Cells

  2026-10-15

• Creatine Brands, Read From Their Labels: None of Eight Names Who Makes the Creatine

  2026-10-05

• Does Creatine Break a Fast? Measured: Insulin Did Not Move, and Nobody Has Tested It During a Fast

  2026-09-30

• Tesamorelin vs Sermorelin: Two Approvals for Two Different Jobs, and No Trial Comparing Them

  2026-09-30

• Nutricost Creatine: Eight Products, a Label That Changed, and an NSF Facility That Is Not NSF Certification

  2026-09-28

• Foods High in Creatine: What the Measurements Show, and Why No Food Label Lists It

  2026-09-28

• Ipamorelin vs Sermorelin: Two Different Receptors, One Former Drug, and No Trial Comparing Them

  2026-09-28

• Kre-Alkalyn: One Biopsy Trial, an Expired Patent, and Labels That Now Direct Up to 6 g a Day

  2026-09-28

• Tesamorelin vs Ipamorelin: an Approved Drug With a Lean-Mass Number Against a Compound With Neither

  2026-09-28

• Optimum Nutrition Creatine: Five Formats, One 5 g Dose, and a Certification That Is Not NSF's

  2026-09-27

• Gonadorelin: Two Discontinued US Drugs, a Pump That Restores Fertility, and No Muscle Data

  2026-09-27

• TB-500 for Athletes: A Seven-Residue Fragment With No Human Study, and the Ban That Cost 34 Footballers a Season

  2026-09-27

• How Much Collagen Per Day: The Trial Doses by Goal, and What 212 Labels Actually Put in a Scoop

  2026-09-27

• Stopping Creatine: What the Washout Studies Measured, Week by Week

  2026-09-27

• Thorne Creatine: What the Label States, What NSF's Register Shows, and What Neither Says

  2026-09-24

• Follistatin: Every Human Muscle Result Came From Gene Therapy, Not From a Vial

  2026-09-24

• Kisspeptin for Men: A Testosterone Signal in Short Pulses, a Castration Drug When Held On

  2026-09-24

• Is Creatine a Steroid? The Chemistry, the Law and the Sports Lists, Side by Side

  2026-09-24

• Types of Creatine: Every Form on the Shelf, How Much Creatine Each Contains, and the Trials That Compared Them

  2026-09-24

• MOTS-c: The Exercise Mimetic Has Never Been Given to a Human in a Published Study

  2026-09-23

• Creatine for Vegetarians and Vegans: Lower Stores, Bigger Rises, and the Capsule Problem

  2026-09-23

• Does Creatine Expire? The Stability Data, and What the Date on the Tub Means

  2026-09-28

• How Long Does Creatine Take to Work? What Each Trial Measured, Day by Day

  2026-09-23

• Protein for Muscle Recovery: What the Trials Measured — Strength, Soreness and Blood Markers

  2026-09-23

• The Best Peptide Stack, Ranked by Evidence: One Combination Has Ever Been Tested, and It Was in Rats

  2026-09-21

• Creatine and Sleep: Two Different Questions Share One Search, and Only One Has Trials

  2026-09-21

• Creatine and Testosterone: Four Trials Measured It, and None Found a Rise

  2026-09-21

• Creatine for Teens: Seven Randomised Trials, and Only One Was Built to Ask About Safety

  2026-09-21

• WADA Status by Compound: Where Each Performance Peptide Sits on the 2026 Prohibited List

  2026-09-21

• GHRP-2 Has 43 Randomised Trials. Thirty-Nine Share One Author, and None Measured Muscle

  2026-09-20

• Creatine and Breastfeeding: Milk Levels Have Never Been Measured After a Dose

  2026-09-20

• Creatine, Diabetes, Blood Pressure and Cancer: Counting What Exists

  2026-09-20

• Creatine in Pregnancy: No Trial Has Given It to a Pregnant Woman

  2026-09-20

• Creatine vs Protein Powder: Only Three Trials Ran the Comparison

  2026-09-20

• CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin: Ten Papers Mention Both, and None Is a Study of the Pair

  2026-09-19

• Creatine and Alcohol: A Census of What Nobody Has Studied

  2026-09-19

• Creatine and the Brain: Four Claims, Traced to Their Own Evidence

  2026-09-19

• Creatine and Caffeine: The Interference Finding Came From One Laboratory

  2026-09-19

• Is Creatine Bad for You? The Largest Long-Term Trial Posted Its Safety Tables

  2026-09-19

• Creatine and HMB: Five Trials, About 144 People, and Who Ran Them

  2026-09-18

• Creatine Before and After: What the Registered Trial Record Actually Shows

  2026-09-18

• Creatine HCl: What the Salt Is, and How Much Creatine a 750 mg Serving Actually Contains

  2026-09-18

• Peptide Therapy: What the Phrase Denotes, and the Three Gates a Compounded Peptide Has to Pass

  2026-09-18

• Peptides for Men: The Male Endpoints No Trial Registered

  2026-09-18

• Creapure Explained: What the Trademark Covers, What the Maker Claims, and What Can Be Checked

  2026-09-17

• Creatine and Collagen Peptides: In Every Trial That Used Both, They Were on Opposite Arms

  2026-09-17

• Creatine Pills vs Powder: What 83 Capsule and Tablet Labels Say About the Arithmetic

  2026-09-28

• Does Creatine Help With Weight Loss? Body Fat Percentage Falls, Fat Mass Mostly Does Not

  2026-09-17

• Micronized Creatine: What Grinding the Powder Changes, and the Two Trials Behind the Claims

  2026-09-17

• Creatine Benefits, Graded by Endpoint — Including the One a Regulator Refused

  2026-09-16

• Does Creatine Make You Gain Weight? Two Measuring Methods Give Different Answers

  2026-09-16

• How Much Creatine: Three Different Numbers Are in Circulation, and They Came From Different Places

  2026-09-16

• Creatine in Bloodwork: Three Similarly Named Things, and Only One Is the Supplement

  2026-09-16

• What Creatine Is, and Why the Size of the Muscle Store Predicts the Results

  2026-09-16

• PT-141: An Approved Drug Whose Label Says It Is Not for Performance, Sold Beside the Steroids

  2026-09-15

• Collagen Peptides for Muscle Growth: A Contradiction the Field Has Not Resolved

  2026-09-14

• Collagen Peptides for Muscle Recovery: Who Ran the Trials That Worked

  2026-09-14

• Collagen vs Whey Protein: The Rule That Says One of Them Barely Counts

  2026-09-14

• Creatine and the Kidneys: What Happens When Researchers Stop Estimating and Measure

  2026-09-14

• Creatine While Cutting: Two Trials, Opposite Answers, and a Problem With the Scale

  2026-09-14

• GHRP-6 Has No Muscle Trial, No Registration, and a Literature Largely About the Molecule That Blocks It

  2026-09-13

• Creatine Bloating: The Water Was Measured, and It Did Not Go Where People Think

  2026-09-13

• Creatine Gummies: One Trial, One Lab Test, and a Brand That Appears in Both

  2026-09-13

• Creatine Timing: The Study That Started 'Take It After Training' Found No Significant Difference

  2026-09-13

• Peptides for Fat Loss: The Compounds Sold Under That Name Have 32 Trial Registrations Between Them

  2026-09-13

• Peptides vs SARMs: One Class Ran Two Phase III Trials for Muscle. It Still Failed.

  2026-09-13

• Creatine for Women: Counting Who Was Actually in the Trials

  2026-09-11

• Does Creatine Cause Hair Loss? Tracing the Claim to Its Source

  2026-09-11

• The Creatine Loading Phase: What the Founding Trials Actually Measured

  2026-09-11

• Creatine Monohydrate vs HCl: Two Small Trials That Disagree

  2026-10-06

• Creatine Side Effects: Two Evidence Streams That Say Different Things

  2026-10-06

• IGF-1 LR3 Has No Human Trial Registrations. Its Literature Is Sheep, Cattle and Cell Culture

  2026-09-10

• Sermorelin Held Two FDA Approvals and Lost Both — Not for Safety, and Not for Muscle

  2026-09-10

• Tesamorelin: the Only Approved GHRH Analogue, and Its Label Says It Is Weight-Neutral

  2026-09-10

• Peptides for Endurance: the Market Descends From One Experiment on Sedentary Mice

  2026-09-23

• Peptides for Sleep and Recovery: the Sleep Trials Beat the Sleep Peptides

  2026-09-10

• Are Peptides Legal for Athletes? Three Rulebooks, Three Different Answers

  2026-09-09

• CJC-1295: One Human Trial, One Terminated Registration, and a Literature About Catching It

  2026-09-08

• Ipamorelin: Three Registrations, None of Them About Muscle

  2026-09-08

• SS-31 (Elamipretide) Became an Approved Drug in 2025 — for Muscle Strength, in a Disease Almost Nobody Has

  2026-09-08

• Growth Hormone Secretagogues: The Class, and What Its Trials Actually Measured

  2026-09-08

• Peptides for Joint Pain: One Human Study, and It Is a Phone Survey

  2026-09-08

• Peptides vs Steroids: The Comparison Nobody Has Actually Run

  2026-09-08

• MK-677 (Ibutamoren): What the Human Trials Measured

  2026-09-07

• Creatine vs Peptides: What the Trial Count Shows

  2026-09-28

• Oral Peptides for Muscle Growth: What Oral Means

  2026-09-06

• Peptides for Muscle Growth and Fat Loss: The Data

  2026-09-06

• Peptides for Recovery: What the Evidence Shows

  2026-09-06

• Peptides for Women: The Research Gap, Counted

  2026-09-06

• Best Peptides for Muscle Growth, Ranked by Evidence (2026)

  2026-09-05

• Nootropic Peptides, GLP-1s and Gym 'Focus': Cognitive Claims on the Evidence Ledger

  2026-09-05

• Do Peptides Show Up on a Drug Test? What Each Test Actually Looks For

  2026-09-05

• Peptides for Muscle Growth: The Evidence Ledger

  2026-09-05

• The Wolverine Stack (BPC-157 + TB-500): What Exists in Humans, and What Does Not

  2026-09-05

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